A mental health crisis occurs when someone's emotional or psychological state overwhelms their ability to cope, potentially leading to harm to themselves or others. Recognizing these signs early can prompt timely intervention. Here are 10 common indicators, based on guidelines from organizations like the National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI) and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA):

1. Extreme mood swings: Rapid shifts from euphoria to deep despair, or intense irritability disproportionate to the situation.
2. Withdrawal from social interactions: Suddenly isolating from friends, family, or work/school activities, avoiding contact entirely.
3. Significant changes in sleep or appetite: Insomnia, excessive sleeping, or drastic weight loss/gain without clear physical cause.
4. Intense feelings of hopelessness or worthlessness: Persistent thoughts of being a burden, or believing life isn't worth living.
5. Paranoia or hallucinations: Unfounded beliefs others are plotting against them, or hearing/seeing things that aren't there.
6. Increased substance use: Escalating alcohol, drugs, or risky behaviors to numb emotions or escape reality.
7. Uncontrollable anxiety or panic: Overwhelming fear, racing thoughts, physical symptoms like chest pain or hyperventilation.
8. Talk of suicide or self-harm: Direct statements like "I want to die," or indirect hints, such as giving away possessions.
9. Aggressive or violent behavior: Sudden outbursts, threats, or inability to control anger, endangering self or others.
10. Confusion or disorientation: Difficulty concentrating, making decisions, or maintaining basic daily functioning.

These signs vary by individual and may build gradually or appear suddenly. If you or someone you know exhibits several, seek immediate help: Call the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline at 988 (U.S.), contact a mental health professional, or go to the nearest emergency room. Early support from therapy, medication, or crisis hotlines can prevent escalation and promote recovery. You're not alone reaching out is a strength.