Recognizing depression in others requires attention to changes in behavior, mood, and daily functioning. Depression is more than sadness—it’s a persistent mental health condition that affects how a person thinks, feels, and acts. Knowing how to tell if someone is depressed can help you offer timely support or encourage professional help.

Common Signs That May Indicate Depression

A person who is depressed often withdraws from social activities they once enjoyed. They may stop responding to messages, skip gatherings, or isolate themselves for weeks. This isn’t shyness—it’s emotional exhaustion.

Changes in sleep or appetite are also strong signals. They might sleep excessively or struggle with insomnia. Weight loss or gain without intent can accompany these shifts. Energy levels drop noticeably; even small tasks seem overwhelming.

Mood-wise, persistent sadness, irritability, or hopelessness may dominate. They might say things like “What’s the point?” or “I’m a burden.” These are not casual remarks—they can be cries for help. Watch for tearfulness, flat expressions, or a lack of interest in the future.

Concentration often suffers. They may forget appointments, miss deadlines, or seem distracted. In students or workers, this can look like declining performance. Some increase alcohol or substance use to cope—an indirect sign of inner pain.

What to Do If You Suspect Someone Is Depressed

Ask gently: “I’ve noticed you’ve seemed down lately. Are you okay?” Listen without judgment. Avoid saying “Cheer up” or “It’s all in your head.” Instead, encourage them to speak with a healthcare provider.

If they mention suicidal thoughts, take it seriously. Contact a mental health professional or crisis line immediately. Depression is treatable—but it rarely improves without support.

Learning how to tell if someone is depressed involves observing sustained changes in behavior, mood, and engagement. While only a clinician can diagnose depression, your awareness and compassion can be the first step toward their healing. Never underestimate the power of reaching out with care.