Depression is more than temporary sadness it’s a serious medical condition that affects how you feel, think, and handle daily activities. Recognizing its signs early can lead to timely help and recovery.
Common symptoms include:
- Persistent low mood: Feeling sad, empty, or hopeless most of the day, nearly every day for at least two weeks.
- Loss of interest: No longer enjoying hobbies, work, or time with loved ones (called anhedonia).
- Energy changes: Constant fatigue or feeling “slowed down,” even after rest.
- Sleep disturbances: Insomnia (trouble falling/staying asleep) or hypersomnia (sleeping too much).
- Appetite/weight shifts: Significant weight loss or gain without dieting.
- Concentration problems: Difficulty focusing, remembering, or making decisions.
- Feelings of worthlessness: Excessive guilt or feeling like a burden.
- Physical symptoms: Unexplained aches, headaches, or digestive issues.
- Suicidal thoughts: Recurrent thoughts of death or suicide with or without a plan. This is an emergency; seek help immediately.
Red flags that distinguish depression from normal sadness:
- Symptoms last 2+ weeks and interfere with work, school, or relationships.
- Intensity feels overwhelming and doesn’t lift even during positive events.
- You may notice withdrawal from social contacts, neglecting self-care, or increased irritability.
Risk factors to watch:
- Family history of depression
- Major life stressors (loss, trauma, financial problems)
- Chronic illness or certain medications
- Substance abuse
How to confirm:
- Track symptoms for 2 weeks using a mood journal.
- Consult a doctor or mental health professional they use tools like PHQ-9 questionnaire.
- Rule out medical causes (thyroid issues, vitamin deficiencies).
What to do:
- Reach out to a trusted friend or family member.
- Contact a mental health hotline (e.g., Kenya Mental Health Helpline 1190).
- Book a GP or psychiatrist appointment.
- Remember: Depression is treatable with therapy (CBT), medication, lifestyle changes, or a combination.
You are not alone over 280 million people worldwide live with depression. Seeking help is a sign of strength, not weakness.