In bipolar disorder, a depressive episode typically lasts at least two weeks—but often much longer. Without treatment, it can persist for several months, sometimes even 6 to 12 months.

Duration Varies by Type and Treatment

In bipolar I, depressive episodes may last 3 to 6 months on average. In bipolar II, depression tends to be more frequent and longer-lasting—often dominating the illness course. Some people experience chronic low mood with brief remissions.

With proper treatment—like mood stabilizers, antidepressants (used cautiously), and therapy—episodes often shorten significantly. Many begin to improve within 4 to 8 weeks of starting or adjusting medication.

However, recovery isn’t always linear. Symptoms may lift slowly: energy returns before mood improves, or sleep normalizes before motivation does. Rushing the process can lead to relapse.

Rapid cycling—defined as four or more mood episodes in a year—can cause shorter but more frequent depressive spells, sometimes lasting just a few days. This pattern is harder to treat and requires careful management.

It’s also common for depressive episodes to include mixed features, like agitation or racing thoughts, which can complicate diagnosis and prolong recovery.

If a depressive episode lasts longer than 2 months without improvement, your care team may adjust your treatment plan. Never stop medication abruptly, as this can trigger mania or worsen depression.

Tracking mood daily helps identify patterns and response to treatment. Patience and consistency are key—bipolar depression lifts with time, support, and the right care. Always work closely with a psychiatrist to manage episodes safely and effectively.